The Football Influences of F. Scott Fitzgerald

By Richard Martin 

The name F. Scott Fitzgerald conjures up images of wild, decadent parties and the dissolution of the Jazz Age. He was married to an unstable woman and had more than a few issues himself, suffering his own breakdown that was the basis for “The Crack-Up.” He could be the epitome of the suffering artist. 

For Fitzgerald, for all his literary ability and real enough suffering, was a football fanatic whose devotion to the Princeton Tigers rivals that of any fan, past, present or future. College football is in his novels as it was in his life. Tom Buchanan, his best villain ever, who haunts the pages of “The Great Gatsby,” was a star player at Yale. Fitzgerald chronicles it his love of college football in “This Side of Paradise,” whose publication in 1920 made him rich and famous and allowed him to marry Zelda Sayre, which proved to be a tragic mistake for both of them. 

He never made it as a player. The skinny writer-to-be was cut from the freshman team on his first day of practice in 1913. But he may have been an innovator, as chronicled in an article in the Wall Street Journal. It all goes back to a 1956 interview with Fritz Crisler, then coach at Michigan but earlier a coach at Princeton. Then a graduate student in romance languages, Donald A. Yates, asked Crisler, who coached at Princeton in the ‘30s, if he’d had any contact with Fitzgerald. The article ran in a University of Michigan publication. 

Crisler said he regularly received late-night calls from Fitzgerald (from Chicago, Los Angeles, the Riviera, who knows) with the sounds of a dying party in the background. Sometimes, Crisler said, “he had a play or a new strategy he wanted me to use. Some of the ideas Scott used to suggest to me over the phone were reasonable – and some were fantastic.” One of the better ideas Fitzgerald had, Crisler said, was “a scheme for a whole new offense. Something that involved a two-platoon system.” Crisler is credited with inventing the two-platoon system, and that’s one of the major reasons he’s in the College Football Hall of Fame.

But does that mean Crisler got the idea from Fitzgerald?

Alas, we don’t know that. Yates, who was asking the questions, was not a sports fan and didn’t appear to realize that this was a revolutionary idea. He didn’t ask whether Crisler got the idea from Fitzgerald or had already gotten it. It might well be that Crisler had already thought of a two-platoon system. Maybe Fitzgerald’s rantings were just inspired lunacy. Then again, maybe not.

Fitzgerald wrote in “This Side of Paradise” that the jaded protagonist, after boozing and canoodling, arose to “find all Gods dead, all wars fought, all faiths in men shaken.”

That implies, perhaps, that all we have left to believe in is our football team.

Why I love: The Great Gatsby, by F Scott Fitzgerald

Anne O’Neill

I first read The Great Gatsby in secondary school in 1983. It was one of the prescribed novels on the Leaving Certificate Course. It was to be our gateway into modernist literature, the literary movement that emerged after the first World War where writers explored the themes of alienation and spiritual bankruptcy evident in society and used novel modes of representation in prose to express the new sensibilities of the time.

My original version of The Great Gatsby was a Penguin version 1972 featuring the willowy and very beautiful Mia Farrow flanked by Robert Redford. It survived that initial teenage reading and many address changes through the flux of college life and still sits on the shelf next to a new hardcover edition featuring gorgeous, golden art deco patterning bought just two years ago.

Gatsby appealed to my school girl soul because of the romantic story at its heart, that between Jimmy Gatz, the poor midwesterner who when stationed at an army base waiting for overseas deployment meets and falls in love with Daisy Fay, the belle of Louisville. She promises to wait for him but her devotion wavers as the months of his deployment drag on and she eventually marries the wealthy Tom Buchanan. Gatsby subsequently becomes rich through nefarious means (primarily bootlegging) and buys a house on Long Island Sound directly across the bay from the mansion that Tom and Daisy occupy.

He throws huge, lavish parties where “the bar is in full swing, and floating rounds of cocktails permeate the garden outside, until the air is alive with chatter and laughter” and where “in his blue gardens men and girls came and went like moths among the whisperings and the champagne and the stars”. The decadent opulence of these scenes, described with poetic lushness by Fitzgerald’s prose, fired my teenage imagination and the sheer romance of Jay Gatsby hoping that his lost love Daisy would wander into his mansion with the other partygoers fed my love of the dramatic possibilities of love.

The old lovers eventually meet through the agency of Nick Carraway, a distant cousin of Daisy’s, who has rented a house next door to Gatsby after coming east to learn the bond business. The story ends in tragedy with Gatsby’s dead body floating on a mattress in his pool, shot in a case of mistaken identity, and with Daisy and Tom retreating back into the impregnable sanctuary of their vast wealth and carelessness.

I have re-read the novel many times, often just to marvel at the brilliance of a writer who can conjure a character, an emotion and a scene using words like the old masters used paints.

The story is narrated by Nick Carraway and all events are filtered through his point of view and imbued with his moral stamp, even though in the opening paragraph he states that he was inclined in his personality to “reserve all judgements.” His aperçus are unique because he is both a participant in the action of the story and an outsider because of his midwestern background. This allows him access to “privileged glimpses into the human heart”.

Nick, like Gatsby, is an outsider, an étranger among the wealthy of Long Island. Fitzgerald himself always felt he was on the outside looking in amongst the elite that he mixed with on the Riviera and at Princeton and it is precisely that stance that made him such a great writer and allowed him to be the voice of his generation, the bard of the Jazz Age.

As the years have sped by I’ve come to appreciate the romance of Gatsby’s character in itself outside of his love affair with Daisy. Nick describes Gatsby as having “an extraordinary gift for hope, a heightened sensitivity to the promises of nature” and it is his unerring pursuit of his dreams symbolised by the green light at the end of Daisy’s dock that make us love him.

As human beings we are constantly engaged in a spirit of reinvention and pursuit of dreams and ambitions, however futile. Despite death and disaster preying on our hopes and dreams we are made noble by our sisyphean efforts to “beat on, boats against the current” and paddle towards an “orgiastic future”.

Perhaps it’s the ineffable sadness of the foul dust that preys on our hopes and dreams, a powerful theme in the novel that can never be properly conveyed by movie versions of the film, whether by Paramount in 1974 or more recently in the glitzy modern version by Baz Luhrmann.

As with the two books on my shelf, one cover crinkled and shoddy, the other one hard back and ornate, it is what lies beneath that matters. Fitzgerald’s novel is a portal to the savage heart of the human spirit, affords a glimpse at our humanity and wonders at our enormous capacity to dream, to imagine, to hope and to persevere.

Anne O Neill works as a pharmacist in Tralee, Co Kerry. She has an MA in creative writing from Kingston University and is a member of Listowel Writer’s Week literary committee. Her short fiction has been shortlisted for Cuirt and Over the Edge literary competitions and she is currently working on a novel. Her blog about books and life is called ofselfandshelf.com

And so with the sunshine

“And so with the sunshine and the great bursts of leaves growing on the trees, just as things grow in fast movies, I had that familiar conviction that life was beginning over again with the summer.”